References
1. Kurth L. Fraker P, Bieber L, Dept Biochem, Mich State Univ, East
Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Utilization of intracellular acetyl-L-carnitine pools
by mononuclear phagocytes. Biochimica et Biophysics Acta 1994, 1201 (2).
2. Amenta F, Ferrante F,
Lucreziotti R, Ricci A, Ramacci MT, Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche,
Universita La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. Reduced lipofuscin accumulation in
senescent rat brain by long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment. Arch Gerontol
Geriatr 1989 Sep-Oct;9(2):147-53.
3. Di Donato S, Frerman FE,
Rimoldi M, Rinaldo P, Taroni F, Wiesmann UN. Systemic carnitine deficiency due
to lack of electron transfer flavoprotein: ubiquinone oxidoreductase.
Neurology 1986 Jul;36(7):957-63.
3. Schonheit K, Gille L, Nohl H, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Veterinary University of Vienna, Austria. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid and
dihydrolipoic acid on ischemia/reperfusion injury of the heart and heart
mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta 1995 Jun 9;1271(2-3):335-42.
4. Paradies G; Petrosillo G;
Gadaleta MN; Ruggiero FM., Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
University of Bari, Italy. g.paradies@biologia.uniba.it The effect of aging
and acetyl-L-carnitine on the pyruvate transport and oxidation in rat heart
mitochondria. FEBS Lett (NETHERLANDS) Jul 9 1999, 454 (3) p207-9.
5. Calvani M,
Arrigoni-Martelli E., Sigma-Tau S.p.A, Pomezia, Rome, Italy. Attenuation by
acetyl-L-carnitine of neurological damage and biochemical derangement
following brain ischemia and reperfusion. Int J Tissue React 1999;21(1):1-6.
6. Rao KV; Qureshi IA.,
Division of Medical Genetics, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Que, Canada.
Reduction in the MK-801 binding sites of the NMDA sub-type of glutamate
receptor in a mouse model of congenital hyperammonemia: prevention by
acetyl-L-carnitine. Neuropharmacology (England) Mar 1999, 38 (3) p383-94.
7.Swamy-Mruthinti S; Carter
AL., Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of
Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912-2100, USA. Acetyl-L-carnitine decreases glycation
of lens proteins: in vitro studies. Exp Eye Res (England) Jul 1999, 69 (1)
p109-15.
8. Lolic MM, Fiskum G,
Rosenthal RE, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ronald Reagan Institute of
Emergency Medicine, Washington, DC USA. Neuroprotective effects of acetyl-L-carnitine
after stroke in rats. Ann Emerg Med (United States) June 1997, 29 (6)
p.758-65.
9. Fernandez E, Pallini R,
Lauretti L, La Marca F, Sccgna A, Rossi GF, Center for Research in
Regeneration of the Nervous System, Catholic University Medical School, Rome,
Italy. Motonuclear changes after cranial nerve injury and regeneration. Arch
Ital Biol (Italy) 1997 Sep;135(4):343-51.
10. Sbriccoli A, Carretta D,
Santarelli M, Granato A, Minciacchi D. Institute of Neurology, Catholic
University, Rome, Italy. An optimized procedure for prenatal ethanol exposure
with determination of its effects on central nervous system connections. Brain
Res Protoc (Netherlands) Jan 1999, 3 (3) p.264-9.
11. Moyle GJ, Sadler M.
Kobler Clinic, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, England. Peripheral
neuropathy with nucleoside antiretrovirals: risk factors, incidence and
management. Drug Saf. (New Zealand) Dec 1998, 19 (6) p.481-94.
12. Soneru IL, Khan T,
Orfalian Z, Abraira C. Extended Care & Geriatrics Service (181c), Hines VA
Hospital, Illinois 60641, USA. Acetyl-L-carnitine effects on nerve conduction
and glycemic regulation. Endocr Res (United States)
Feb-May 1997,23, (1-2) p.27-36.
13. Nakamura J, Koh N,
Sakakibara F, Hamada Y, Hara T, Sasaki H, Chaya S, Komori T, Nakashima E,
Naruse K, Kato K, Takeuchi N, Kasuya Y, Hotta N, The Third Department of
Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. Polyol
pathway hyperactivity is closely related to carnitine deficiency of
streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J
Pharmacol Exp Ther (United States) Dec 1998, 287 (3) p .897-902.
14. Vague Ph, Service de
Nutrition-Endocrinologie, Maladies Metaboliques, CHU La Timone, Boulevard Jean
Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France, Raccah D. New
therapeutic approaches. Revue Francaise d'Endocrinologie Clinique - Nutrition
et Metabolisme (Rev. Fr. Endocrinol.) Clin. Nutr. Metab. (France) 1997, 38/4-5
(455-463).
15. Brooks JO 3rd, Yesavage
JA, Carta A, Bravi D, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA.
Acetyl-L-carnitine slows decline in younger patients:
a reanalysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using the trilinear
approach. Int. Psychogeriatr (United States) June 1998, 10 (2) p.193-203.
16. Hagen TM, Ingersoll RT,
Wehr CM, Lykkesfelt J, Vinarsky V, Bartholomew JC, Song MH, Ames BN,
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720, USA. Acetyl-L-carnitine fed to old rats partially restores
mitochondrial function and ambulatory activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (United
States) August 4, 1998, 95 (16) p.9562-6.
17. Hagen TM, Wehr CM, Ames
Bn. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at
Berkeley 94720, USA. Mitochondrial decay in aging. Reversal through
supplementation of acetyl-L-carnitine and N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenyl-nitrone.
Ann N Y Acad Sci (United States) November 20, 1998, 854 p.214-23.
18. Saheki T., Department of
Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University. [Carnitine as a
vitamin-like biofactor]. Nippon Rinsho 1999 Oct;57(10):2270-5.